The keys to Increasing Milk Production
Regularity in the daily activities of a dairy animal
The kind of habit that is given to a milch animal is accustomed to it. Therefore it is very important to inculcate such habits in daily milk production. In the care of the animal, the herdsman has to take care of various tasks such as feeding the animal, grazing the fodder, grazing or taking it for a walk, elephanting, milking twice, exercise, watering three or four times a day, etc. Allocate a certain amount of time for all these tasks and we must do the tasks regularly at that time every day as per our convenience. When a herdsman has to go out of town for any reason, all arrangements should be made in advance for these tasks to be done on time. Milk production increases if these tasks are done regularly. But the sweet effect of irregularities in this fixed program immediately falls on the milk production of dairy cattle. Strict adherence to the prescribed program should be followed in time which is the basic duty of a pastoralist.
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Kindness in dealing with animals
As a general rule, it is necessary to treat all animals with kindness. Do not speak loudly during milking. Do not kill the animal. If this behavior is maintained then milk production will increase. But if these things are not taken into consideration, milk production during milking will be affected so that milk production will be reduced. Therefore, we should call the milking animals with love, pat them on the back, caress them and look at them with ami eyes. The owner's ami gaze increases the milk production of the animal, so the milch animal should be treated with kindness.
Information for the animal's daily diet
Nature has created fodder for animals but since we started raising cows and buffaloes for our needs and started giving them the necessary food, its milk production has gradually increased unnaturally but the nutrients it needs for milk production cannot be obtained from fodder alone. Therefore, in addition to fodder, the animal also has to be given seeds. Therefore, to provide good quality fodder to the dairy cattle as far as the stomach is concerned and to provide the required nutrients through this fodder. Depending on the quality of fodder, dairy cows and buffaloes can normally eat 1.5% to 6.0% of their body dry fodder. Low quality fodder eats less and high quality fodder consumes more. Generally, if an animal is fed medium grade fodder, it eats about 2.5% of its body weight. But in this way, one third of the fodder requirement should be given in the form of green fodder or silage. This is because green fodder contains ‘unknown elements’ in addition to the main nutrients which increase the milk production of dairy cattle. It is desirable that good quality pulses or cereals should be fed to the milch cows and buffaloes on concessional basis or by mixing this class of fodder in the ratio of 4-5. Calcium, phosphorus, protein, vitamins etc. are found in such fodder. When this type of high quality fodder is fed to the milch cattle on concessional basis, there is no need to give 1.5 to 2 kg of dari for the maintenance of the milch cattle.
Grain
Adult dairy cows and buffaloes need nutritious food for two main purposes. Nutrients such as tuber protein), malnutrition, oily matter, fibrous matter, minerals are good and need parasites which should be provided from fodder and compost. E.g. Mainly given for two purposes.
For the maintenance of the body and for the production of milk.
As seen above, if high quality fodder is given to dairy cows and buffaloes, they get the necessary elements for sustenance only from fodder. So there is no need to give seeds for maintenance. But if the fodder is stale or medium grade, it is necessary to feed 1.5 to 5 kg of compost per day for the maintenance of the body. In addition, for additional milk production, milking cows and buffaloes should be given 30 to 50% of the total milk production. If the calf is being milked, estimate the amount of milk that is milked, add it to the milk that is being milked, calculate how much milk the milch animal actually produces per day, and calculate the amount of milking given according to this total milk production.
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Minerals
Dairy cows and buffaloes need large amounts of minerals like lime (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and small amounts of minerals like iron, copper, cobalt, iodine) even if the soil of a particular region is not deficient in any particular mineral. In addition to the elements like calcium, phosphorus and sodium, the dairy animal gets the required amount of nutrients from natural foods. Chatterite (kettle leak) which is available in the market if possible.
Milking and production of clean milk
The method of milking is the most important in every function of the animal system. Milking is an art that requires more mahivara than knowledge to acquire art so it is a work that requires a lot of chewing and skill. If milking is done in the right wayA healthy and efficient present can be maintained for a long time. If there is a mistake in milking, the milk decreases. The milking work should be completed quickly and in 3 to 5 minutes to suit the milking animal.
Ways of milking
There are three main ways to milk.
Milking with the help of a fist with a thumb
This. In the ritual, the udder of the cow-buffalo is dropped from the middle of the fist to the middle of the thumb and fingers. Then the lapel is pressed and placed, and the lapel is rolled up and down. This action is repeated frequently. Milking in this way causes a lot of friction on the nipple and sometimes nailing injures the nipple, and the nipple becomes weak and bottle-shaped. Mitis disease is applied and the umbilical cord is lost. For this reason it is not at all desirable to use this method.
The way of milking using fingers and palm
When milking in this way, the udder is held between the palms and the udder is lowered by closing the fist exposure and pushing it up and down quickly so that the udder is closed repeatedly and pushed without pulling too much forward. This is a great way to get rid of friction and not injure the udder as it does not have to slide over the udder.
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Way to pinch
The first two are milked by holding a itch between the finger and the toe. Cattle with small udder and first calves cannot be milked in any other way so they have to be milked in this way.
Clean milk production
Milk that has been milked from the udder of a healthy animal and which does not have visible, hairy, salty or dusty, sour or true odor, and which does not contain pathogenic fungi or viruses is called clean milk.
Benefits of clean milk
The production of clean milk benefits both the milk producer, the business or the distributor and the consumer.
Clean milk does not contain or has fewer pathogens so using it does not harm health and all the benefits of milk as a diet can be reaped.
Producing clean milk enhances the producer's reputation. The demand for her milk increases so I can get an increase.
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Important points for producing pure milk:
Dairy animals should be healthy as some of the disease germs in the animals come into the milk and spread the disease through it. E.g. These 3 TB germs.
Leprosy for milking should be kept clean.
Utensils for milking and storage of milk such as buckets, pavali, cans, sieves etc. should be switched.
The dairy farmer should wear clean clothes and maintain cleanliness. Their fingernails should be trimmed and the head should be covered during milking.
Do not elephant the animal after one hour of milking.
Before milking, the udder and udder of the animal should be washed with a solution of warm chlorine or warm potassium permanganate. It should then be wiped dry with a piece of clean cloth or a napkin.
Dispose of three to four shades of initial milking in a separate vessel after placing the leaves as the number of harmful micro-organisms is special in the initial milk shed. Combine the milk of the next shade in the vessel so that the milk is likely to spoil.
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The area around the milking site should be quiet and noise free and no stranger should be called to the leper during milking. In addition, barking of a dog reduces milk production.
The milk should be delivered to the milking parlor immediately after milking in the milk vessel or the milk company should go to fill the milk.
After the milking work is done, the utensils should be cleaned with hot water and soda and left to drain.
Animal Breeding
Usually milch cows and buffaloes are first distributed in the heat a month after weaning. But it takes about two months for the uterus to return to its original position. Therefore, after two months, when the animal comes in heat, it should be discarded. For a profitable milk business, the interval between the two calves of the animal is required to be 15-16 months, so the calf should be weaned within 7 days at the latest after weaning. If the abandoned animal does not heat up again, it is considered to be a fetus. Cows and buffaloes should be examined by a veterinary officer within 20 to 25 days after conception. Many animals come into a dormant heat so that their symptoms of heat are not known. So at such times ‘Teaserbull’ can be easily spotted by keeping the sterilized bull or herd in the herd. Every dairy farmer should insist on feeding only with artificial insemination when the milking animal is hot so that the calves produced will produce milk. Will increase production. Domestic calves usually heat up for the first time at the age of 2 to 2 years, while hybrid calves heat up at the age of 18-20 months, but this depends on the percentage of blood of the foreign breed. Exotic purebred calves usually heat up for the first time in 10-12 months.
They should be spread as per the time given below to keep in view the above heat.
4-5 years of desi calf, first weaning
The first breeding of a foreign calf in 3-4 years
It is advisable to sell the first calf of a hybrid calf which is frequently heated and eaten by calves.
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Accommodation
Dairy animals should be kept in such a way that they are adequately protected from natural factors like heat, wind, rain, etc. and can live comfortably. Their habitat should be clean, free from moisture, free from parasitic insects, germs, other insects, etc.
Feeding the milch cattle
After milking cows and buffaloes, the flow of milk production inside the idol was assumed to be one day and one night.
The process lasts for ten months. Due to the following reasons, the milking animal should be calmed and rested for one and a half to two and a half months.
Reasons to wean a dairy animal
To give one and a half to two and a half months rest to the milk producing organs
The food given to the animal is used for the development of the body of the future calf instead of milk production.
To apply fat on the body of a milking animal before weaning.
To get back the nutrients and good used during milk production
In order to achieve the above objectives in order to get more milk production in the new breed, it is said that the action of stopping milk nimra should be taken in the au of an animal which has passed ten months of age and which is seven months old. For this, if the animal gets one and a half to two and a half months of rest according to its milk production, that is enough.
Methods of weaning dairy cattle
Incomplete milking
Milking every other day.
Suddenly stop milking.
Whichever of these three methods is used to wean the dairy cattle, it is easier to wean the weaning animal by first stopping giving green fodder or silage and fodder. Dry grass is also light and give only half or half of what you are giving. If the calf is milking, do not let the calf get together. Doing so makes the cattle calmer faster. In all three ways, after the last milking, wash the udder and dip it in the colloid. This will close the last part of the urethra so that the germs do not enter and become infected.
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Incomplete milking: In this method, at the beginning of weaning, all the milk that is produced in the idol is not fully milked and a little milk is allowed to remain in the idol. This slows down the milk production due to internal pressure in Bavela. The milking is then stopped at a distance of one day at the beginning, then at a distance of two days.
Intermittent day milking: In this method of weaning, the milking time is first changed. Is then milked once. Afterwards, milking once every two days and once every three days gradually reduces milk production. Milking is stopped as the milk decreases.
Abrupt cessation of milking: Researchers have found that this method of sucking is the best. Even if the animal gives about 10 liters of milk daily, there is no problem in abruptly stopping milking. In this method, when the cows and buffaloes suddenly stop milking, the milk is filled in the idol and the internal pressure increases. This stops the production of milk. When new milk is not produced, the milk collected in the idol is slowly absorbed into the blood and the animal sucks. In this way the animal should not be milked while the milk is absorbed into the blood from the idol.
Water management
The mammal is a seven-toed animal. In addition, a lot of water is excreted from the body through the milk they produce. Thus milch cattle need more water than non-productive cattle. The drinking water requirement of an animal depends on the temperature of the environment, the amount of water received through food, the amount of milk produced, the temperature of the water and the purity of the water. It is estimated that in addition to the average daily milk production of 3530 liters of water per head, a dairy animal drinks an additional two to three liters of water per liter of milk. Experiments have shown that free milking can be arranged for the milch cattle and drinking water when they feel like it increases milk production. If this is not possible, you must drink water at least four times a day.
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Exercise
The dairy animal should be given exercise by turning one kilometer every day. Exercise can also be given by grazing the animal where the bead is arranged. Exercising the animal proportionately increases milk production and fat content.
Doing elephants
Dairy cows and buffaloes should be bathed and cleaned daily if possible. If this is not possible, you should take a bath once a week. In addition, the milking animal should be elephantized before milking so that the bruises, dust, hair, etc. on the body are removed. Doing so speeds up blood circulation in the body so as to increase milk production.
Health protection
All small and large animals involved in milk production should be free from infectious diseases. For this every animal should be checked once a year for diseases like tuberculosis, infectious abortion and genes. If any disease is detected, such animals should be removed from the herd immediately. Also, to prevent the spread of common diseases such as measles and mumps, immunizations should be given at that time. If hybrid cows or cows of foreign breeds are kept, such animals should be given inter-parasitic drugs twice a year at the beginning of monsoon and after the end of monsoon. In addition, it is especially important to see that these animals do not feel gambling, etc.
Inspection of dairy cattle
All dairy animals need to be closely monitored and closely monitored twice a day. When inspecting, check the general health of the animal, weight gain-loss, why it is hot, sick or weak, injury to the outer part, etc. Arrange for the animals to do whatever they need to do in these matters.
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There is no doubt that if the above mentioned issues affecting the livestock system are seriously considered and implemented, the daily milk production of dairy cows and buffaloes will definitely increase. Therefore, every pastoralist needs to understand his moral duty and implement it. Such an arrangement improves the economic condition of the pastoralists and progress can be made in the livestock business.