Scientific cultivation of Papaya
Among the fruit crops, papaya is a short-term cash crop. In the state of Gujarat, the cultivation of 3 paisa is less in all the districts of the state except Dang district. From the point of view of nutritious food, cooked paiya is considered as digestive, laxative, biliary and nutritious. It contains good amount of Vitamin "A". As well as Vitamin "C" (30 mg / 100 g flour) and Vitamin B-1 and B-2 and salts are good.
Land and weather
Soil with good drainage and more organic matter is considered excellent for papaya crop. Papaya grows well in loamy, besar and medium soils. The papaya crop can grow well in hot and humid climates of the tropics. Fruits are sweet in moderate rainfall and dry weather. The crop cannot tolerate excessive cold and excessive rainfall.
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Important varieties
Madhubindu: In this variety of seed sown in Gujarat, the rate of sprouting is less. The fruit is sweet and savory.
Coorg Honeydew: Madhubindu is a variety developed from excellent plants found naturally in Coorg. The fruit is elliptical, the pulp is voluminous, has a pleasant aroma and the fruit is sweet in taste.
Washington: This type of plant grows relatively tall. The fruits are round to elliptical, medium to large in size, sweet, savory and fragrant and have good durability.
CO-R: Plants are of medium height, fruits are large, elliptical, the bark on the fruit is yellowish green and the pulp is orange in color. This variety is very good for the production of papain.
Pusa Delicious: A variety released from Regional Research Center, Pusa, Bihar. The fruits are of medium size and the pulp is dark orange in color, very tasty and sweet in aroma.
Dharu rearing information
To prepare papaya dharo, make a cushion of 2.0 ૩ 1.2 meters and prepare 20 to 24 kg of well-drained manure and 400 g of diammonium phosphate manure per bed. 2 cm at a distance of 18 cm in the beds. Make deep rows and sow seeds at a distance of 5 cm in each row. After sowing the seeds, cover with a mixture of soil and compost and give light water immediately. When the pole is 4 to 5 inches, turn it into 2.5-inch plastic bags. 5 to 20 days after sowing the seeds in the soil, Dharu becomes suitable for sowing in the field.
Planting spacing and replanting
Plowing the land, repairing it, leveling the land, making pits measuring 1 × 1 × 1 ft at a distance of 2.34.2 m, adding 10 kg manure per pit as well as 10 gm furadan, 2 to 3 papaya plants (3 days old) ) To plant. When flowering occurs in 3 to 4 months, keep one female plant per pit and remove the remaining plants. In addition to this about 10% male plants i.e. about 20 plants to be scattered in the field.
Fertilizer management
Apply 10 kg manure per plant at the time of planting. To give 200 gm nitrogen, 200 gm phosphorus and 240 gm potash in four equal installments. The first installment should be given in the second month after planting, the second installment in the fourth month, the third installment in the sixth month and the fourth installment in the eighth month. Apply lightly after application of fertilizers.
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Pest control
Molomshi and white fly: 5 ml in 10 liters of water for control of these pests. Phosphamidone or 10 ml. Mix and spray Daimi Thoat medicine.
Disease control
Stem of the trunk: પાણી If the water directly touches the trunk of the paiya or there is excess moisture around the trunk, this disease is likely to occur in the trunk. To prevent this disease, 20-30 cm from the ground around the trunk. Applying Bordeaux paste up to height Bordeaux paste can be made by mixing 1 kg of Morthuthu, 1 kg of Kalichu separately in 10 liters of water.
Cactus (2 piano mosaic): This disease has a very sweet effect on production. In this disease, the leaves of the plant become small and greenish-yellow. Plant growth is stunted and raw fruits fall off. The disease is spread by molluscs and whiteflies. Even if we remove the diseased plants immediately, there is some control.
Root rot: This disease is more common in Dharuwadi. And this disease is caused by a fungus. To control it, apply 1 ml of Azoxystrobin in the soil to be dried and before sowing the seeds. Put 1 liter of medicine in 1 liter of water and spray on the soil to be washed. In addition, before sowing the seeds, apply 2 to 3 grams of Thyrum or Captan per 1 kg of seed.
Worms: Worm infestation is also found in this crop. To control which 10 g of furadan per plant should be put in the pit before planting. This medicine should also be mixed in the soil of Dharuwadi while making Dharuwadi.
Product
Ten months after replanting, the fruit of 3 paisa starts coming down. The color of the fruit changes from dark green to pale yellow and when the nails are drilled on the fruit, a liquid like water comes out instead of milk. Generally, the production of 3 paisa fruits depends on soil fertility, fitness and 5 paisa variety. A well-groomed 3 pai plant yields about 40 to 50 kg of fruit.